Jose Mujica, Iconic Former President of Uruguay and Cannabis Reformer, Passes Away at 89

Jose Mujica, the former president of Uruguay and a legendary figure in both politics and social reform, has died at the age of 89. Known for his unpretentious style, Mujica’s legacy transcended his role as a leader, marking him as a global symbol of progressive change.

Mujica, affectionately known as “Pepe,” served as president from 2010 to 2015. His tenure was characterized by landmark reforms and a personal commitment to humility, which resonated with citizens across and beyond Uruguay. Before taking office, he had a storied past as a guerrilla fighter during Uruguay’s tumultuous 1960s and 1970s.

A Personal Message from Current Leadership

The news of Mujica’s passing prompted an emotional response from his political successor. President Yamandu Orsi expressed his sentiments in a heartfelt message, stating, “It is with deep sorrow that we announce the death of our comrade Pepe Mujica. Thank you for everything you gave us and for your deep love for your people.” Such words reflect Mujica’s profound impact on those he led, inspiring a generation.

Pioneering Reforms Under Mujica’s Leadership

Throughout his presidency, Mujica took bold steps in advancing civil liberties. He endorsed significant legislation, including the legalization of gay marriage and abortion, as well as the regulation of cannabis sales—a groundbreaking move that set a precedent, not only in Latin America but on a global scale.

His initiatives sparked important conversations about social justice in a predominantly conservative landscape. Regional leaders echoed his influence, with Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva commenting on he Mujica’s unwavering defense of democracy and social equity. Lula noted that Mujica’s greatness reached beyond Uruguay and its immediate political realm.

A Leader in Simple Living

Unlike many politicians who reside in opulence, Mujica chose to live in his modest home on the outskirts of Montevideo. He famously drove a refurbished Volkswagen Beetle, which became a symbol of his humility. His lifestyle choices reflected his values, allowing him to maintain a close connection with ordinary Uruguayans. Mujica often dined in local eateries, sharing meals with citizens and reinforcing his image as a relatable leader.

In a May 2024 interview conducted in his home, Mujica reminisced about his beloved Beetle, highlighting that it remained in “phenomenal” condition. He humorously remarked on preferring a tractor ride to driving a car, appreciating the time it afforded him to think and reflect.

Challenges Faced During His Leadership

Despite his popularity, Mujica faced criticism for his unorthodox approach to politics. His candid remarks and casual demeanor sometimes raised eyebrows, pushing him into heated discussions with his opponents. Nonetheless, his straightforward manner and commitment to progressive ideals earned him admiration from both supporters and critics alike.

During the 2024 interview, Mujica candidly addressed the political landscape, expressing concern about generational divides. He famously stated, “The problem is that the world is run by old people, who forget what they were like when they were young.” His foresight into the needs of the younger generation revealed his deep understanding of social dynamics.

The Legacy of Resilience and Hope

Mujica’s early life was marred by tragedy, losing his father at a young age and experiencing poverty. He reflected on this upbringing, calling it “dignified poverty.” These formative experiences shaped his worldview and commitment to social justice.

In a career that spanned decades, Mujica saw the rise and fall of various political regimes. His involvement with the Tupamaros guerrilla movement during the 1960s and 1970s placed him at the forefront of political activism, which led to an imprisonment of nearly 15 years. While behind bars, he endured harsh conditions, including periods of solitary confinement.

Political Comeback and Impact

In 1985, following the return of democracy in Uruguay, Mujica re-entered politics, gradually rising through the ranks. He secured the position of agriculture minister before his presidency, where he cultivated relationships with politicians across the spectrum, emphasizing dialogue over division.

Mujica’s stance on drug policies advocated for decriminalization under strict state control, aiming to tackle addiction as a public health issue rather than merely a criminal one. He famously stated, “I do not defend drug use. But I can’t defend (a ban) because now we have two problems: drug addiction, which is a disease, and narcotrafficking, which is worse.” This nuanced perspective underlined Mujica’s role as a progressive thinker.

Looking Forward with Optimism

Even after stepping back from political life, Mujica remained engaged. His connection with the political scene endured as he attended inaugurations and supported various candidates, including Orsi, who assumed office in March 2025. Alongside his wife, Lucia Topolansky, Mujica shifted from growing flowers to cultivating vegetables, a transition that symbolized their ongoing commitment to community and environmental sustainability.

Mujica’s philosophy on life was both poignant and inspiring. He encouraged young people to cherish life while recognizing its transient nature. Following his diagnosis with cancer, he encouraged resilience, stating, “The point is to start over every time you fall, and if there is anger, transform it into hope.” His compelling messages of hope and resilience continue to resonate deeply.

The Enduring Legacy of Jose Mujica

Jose Mujica’s legacy is woven into the fabric of Uruguayan society and beyond. His life story encapsulates the struggles and triumphs of a nation. As a leader who prioritized people over politics, his impact will be profoundly felt for generations to come. His progressive reforms, dedication to social justice, and authentic approach to leadership set a benchmark for those who aspire to make a difference in the world.